Periodontists receive extensive training in these areas, including three additional years of education beyond dental school. They are familiar with the latest techniques for diagnosing and treating periodontal (gum) disease, and are also trained in performing cosmetic periodontal procedures.

During the first visit, the periodontist usually reviews the patient’s complete medical and dental histories. It is extremely important for the periodontist to know if any medications are being taken or if the patient is being treated for any condition that can affect periodontal care, such as heart disease, diabetes, or pregnancy.

The periodontist examines the gums, checks for recession, assesses how the teeth bite together and checks the teeth stability. The periodontist will also take a small measuring instrument called a probe and place it between the teeth and gums to measure the depth of those spaces, known as periodontal pockets. X-rays may also be required to evaluate the health of the bone below the gum line.